THE ROLE OF DIET AND LIFESTYLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL CARIES: A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTIVE POTENTIAL

Анотація

Dental caries is still a frequent finding in dental practice, even though preventive care is widely available. This article focuses on the role of diet and daily habits in increasing or reducing the risk of caries. The analysis is based on the author’s clinical observations and data from evidence-based studies from 2014–2020. It is shown that the key factor is not the total amount of sugar in the diet, but rather how many times a day the teeth come into contact with an acidic environment. Patients who snack more than four times a day have 30–50% more active lesions than those who stick to three main meals. The habit of eating before bed increases the risk of caries by 40–60%, since saliva performs almost no protective function at night. Reduced salivation, associated in particular with the use of certain medications, is found in 15–25% of patients; in this group, active caries occurs in 60–80% of cases. Changing dietary and hygiene habits can prevent up to 70% of new lesions, and the first noticeable results appear within 1–3 months.

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